Russian Politics Final Questions On The Soviet Revolution

Scott Talentino Robert Nalbandov Russian Politics Russian Politics Final-Questions 1 3 Question 1-What were the most important causes of the fall of the Tsarist regime and its replacement by a â€Å"Socialist† system? Throughout various episodes in history, multiple variables contribute to the rise and collapse of different regimes. During the later stages of the Romanov dynasty in Russia, the Tsarist regime teetered towards collapse and eventually faced its demise due to a plethora of factors. The lack of efficient leadership, continued brutality towards the populace, war, famine, and the banishment of political figures, along with the â€Å"tinkering† with the old political system instead of larger measures towards reform, and the influence of radical thinkers, Marxists in particular, all contributed to the collapse of the Tsarist regime and rise of the Socialist state. One sees the initial seeds of opposition against the Tsarist regime with the rise of the Decembrists. In 1825 a group of revolutionary noble army officers and freemasons opposed the rise of Tsar Nikolai I to power, wishing for more liberal reforms, including a constitution, an abolishment of the monarchy and the eradication of serfdom. In the end, the revolt was crushed by the Imperial forces and 121 leaders were arrested, 5 of whom were put to death. Many participants in the revolt were exiled to Siberia. This pattern illustrates the continual process of repression in Russia and its politicalShow MoreRelatedHow the Revolutionary-Imperial Paradigm Shaped Soviet Foreign Policy during the Early Cold War1559 Words   |  7 PagesHow did the revolutionary-imperial paradigm shape Soviet foreign policy during the early Cold War? The defeat of Germany and its satellites in the war radically changed the balance of forces in the world. The Soviet Union became one of the leading world powers, without which, should not have been resolved then no question of international life. And so, its features began to have impact on world relations and became clearer for foreign diplomats and observers. However, during the war U.S. powerRead MoreThe French and Russian Revolutions1478 Words   |  6 PagesRevolutions are usually associated with change. Although change is monumental and significant, the way change happens and why it happens are more important things to consider. Looking at two specific revolutions in history, the French Revolution and the Russian Revolution, there are two major leaders who greatly stand out. In these two primary sources they share their goals, characterization of democracy, and opinions of violence in their movements that greatly influenced change. The French RevolutionRead MoreTo What Extent Did Stalin’s Rule Mar the Key Turning Point in Russia’s Political Development 1856-1953?1037 Words   |  5 Pagesturning point in Russia’s political development 1856-1953? In an historical context, a ‘turning point’ can be categorized as an event o impact caused by an individual that, had it not occurred, would have altered the final outcome of a period of history. In the period of Russian history 1856-1953 there is no doubt there was a huge amount on political change, at the bringing of the period Russia was a state ruled by an autocratic Tsar and by the end it had seen provisional governments, local andRead MoreThe War Of The United States1702 Words   |  7 PagesWorld War. (Underhill 69). As the democracies of Europe fell to the fascist menace, the USA acted as a final bastion against the Axis, fighting an industrial and economic ‘undeclared war’ from the signing of the Lend-Lease Act on March 11, 1941 to the bombing of Pearl Harbor on December 7 of the same year. The Lend-Lease, in addition to shifting the tide to the favor of the Allies and the Soviet Union, had significant long-term effects - it provided the basis for the Marshall Plan to restore EuropeRead MoreLenin13422 Words   |  54 PagesVladimir Ilyich Lenin Ð’Ð »Ã °Ã ´Ã ¸Ã ¼Ã ¸Ã'€ ИÐ »Ã'Å'Ð ¸Ã'‡ ЛÐ µÃ ½Ã ¸Ã ½ | | Lenin in 1920 | Chairman of the Council of People s Commissars of the Soviet Union (Premier of the Soviet Union) | In office 30 December 1922  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ 21 January 1924 | Preceded by | Position created | Succeeded by | Alexei Rykov | Chairman of the Council of People s Commissars of the Russian SFSR | In office 8 November 1917  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ 21 January 1924 | Preceded by | Position created | Succeeded by | Alexei Rykov | Member of the PolitburoRead MoreThe Russian Revolution Of Russia3311 Words   |  14 Pagesdeplorable living conditions. The citizens of Russia were poor, famished and overburdened. 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His abdication naturally lead to the collapse of the imperial government and an establishmentRead MoreEssay about The Evolution of Democracy in Georgia5043 Words   |  21 Pagesand democracy remain undefeated in the Georgian - Statement of the National Democratic Party, 1988.1 In the late 1980s and early 1990s, the Caucasian country of Georgia (map below) was among the vanguard of forces seeking the dissolution of the Soviet Union. It was the only republic to join the Baltic in flatly refusing to even consider signing Gorbachevs new Union treaty in 1990.2 Agitation for Georgian independence led to a series of bloody clashes with the authorities that only served to furtherRead MoreStalin s Power Of The Communist Party Essay3755 Words   |  16 Pagesthe Cold War. It is easy however, to get lost in the legacy Stalin left behind, and forget about the events leading up to his total control over the communist regime of the 20th century Russia. During his reign as the near absolute ruler of the Soviet Union, Stalin incited a plethora of atrocities, notably the manufactured famines, purges, and labour camp imprisonments. Stalin was able to be the primary blame for the death of an estimated 20-60 million people, with nearly no regard for human lifeRead MoreMarxism And Its Effects On The World s Republic Of China1493 Words   |  6 Pages During the nineteenth century, in the midst of increased industrialization, worker exploitation, and growing gaps in wealth, Karl Marx formulated a political theory which would go on to remodel global politics in an unprecedented manner. Marxism, as it would later be known, or more generally, Communism, was destined to guide countless nations’ paths to â€Å"liberation.† Two countries in particular, the USSR and the People’s Republic of China, can trace their rapid escapes from â€Å"backwardness† into

Is The Scarlet Letter A Feminist Novel - 1659 Words

Is The Scarlet Letter a Feminist Novel? Women all have something in common: they have all encountered a form of gender-based discrimination. Some women in countries have experienced harsher segregations than others. For instance, women in Pakistan have experienced severe discrimination a prohibition of education. One woman who is well known for being an activist for the education of women is Malala Yousafzai. Malala is a woman who has inspired many oppressed others to fight for their education. Through her efforts, she is now well-known for being a powerful and independent woman (Kettler). Literature observes strong figures like Malala. Hester Prynne, from the novel The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne, in such a character that†¦show more content†¦Instead, the women in this scene , â€Å"are no longer maternal, and therefore have no value in a patriarchal system, except what they can appropriate for themselves as faux men. They have denied their gender, their maternal power, and have no recourse in a patriarchal society but to adopt masculine power,† (Last). It is not only these women who the narrator gives masculine qualities. Hester Prynne, the protagonist, is also given vigor and resilience against a tough environment. The many stresses in the plot burden Hester, including her own young daughter named Pearl, and the fiery scarlet letter. Yet, she somehow maintains a stable mentality and ensures the joy of her daughter. Although Hester is unhappy, she remains calm and accepts her punishments without complaint or resistance. Rather, in a scene in which Hester is threatened with the prospect of Pearl being taken away from her, Hester manipulates her burdens as a way to protect Pearl when she says, â€Å"Nevertheless†¦ ‘this badge hath taught me—it daily teaches me—it is teaching me at this moment—lessons whereof my child may be the wiser and better, albeit they can profit nothing to myself,† (Hawthorne 84). Additionally, Hester’s strength is comparable to Reverend Dimmesdale’s strengt h. Both characters are placed in the same situation: with strict Puritan rules and pressures, the fear of punishment, and the shame of the crime of adultery. Even so, Hester, as a female, lives throughShow MoreRelatedIs The Scarlet Letter A Feminist Novel?1456 Words   |  6 PagesAshley Noack M. Chau-Lee English 3H 11/ 13/14 Is The Scarlet Letter A Feminist Novel? A feminist is defined in the British Dictionary as a person who advocates equal rights for women. However incredulous it may sound, women had to fight for rights for equality in things such as politics, economics, and their personal affairs. If the revolutionary feminist concepts were surfacing in the time of Nathaniel Hawthorne, circa 1850, then how was it that he was inspired to write Hester’s character? HoweverRead MoreIs the Scarlet Letter a Proto Feminist Novel1510 Words   |  7 Pages21, 2012 Is The Scarlet Letter a Proto Feminist Novel? â€Å"Is The Scarlet Letter a Proto Feminist Novel?† The Scarlet Letter is a very well-known novel, between the scandals and lies. It starts off with a woman named Hester Prynne. Hester decides to leave her husband behind to migrate to Boston. A couple years later, Hester gives birth to a baby girl named Pearl in prison. Hester refused to reveal the father of Pearl. The town then forces Hester to wear a scarlet letter A upon her dressRead MoreScarlet Letter Feminist Novel Essay769 Words   |  4 PagesIs The Scarlet Letter a feminist novel? Nathaniel Hawthorne’s novel, The Scarlet Letter is about a woman living in Boston during the 1630s. Her name is Hester Prynne and she has committed the crime of adultery and is caught when she is found to be pregnant. The book picks up when she is having a scarlet A placed on her breast for â€Å"adultery† and after the child is already born. After 7 more years, it picks up and the readers can see what she goes through and how she and the townspeople around herRead MoreHester Prynnes The Scarlet Letter : A Feminist Novel805 Words   |  4 Pages The scarlet letter would be considered a feminist book because of the strength that Hester showed while all of society rejected her, and her daughter pearl. In the scarlet letter there is a women who is introduced to us known as Hester Prynne. In the story it tells us the life of Hester and her struggle living in a society that has alienated her because she has committed adultery. The scarlet letter is a feminist nov el because of the strength that Hester has as a women throughout the bookRead MoreHester As A Strong Female Character And The Scarlet Letter1572 Words   |  7 Pagesand The Scarlet Letter as a Feminist Novel In The Scarlet Letter, written by Nathaniel Hawthorne, a question arises: Is The Scarlet Letter a feminist novel? First, what is feminism? Feminism is â€Å"the advocacy of women’s rights on the grounds of political, social, and economic equality to men†. Feminism is really about a woman’s strength since the act of feminism causes a woman to go against traditional views and be ridiculed for that. What does feminism have to do with The Scarlet Letter? HawthorneRead MoreHow Is Hester Prynne A Feminist Novel989 Words   |  4 PagesAmerican Literature’s first feminist character A trend was started by the novel, The Scarlet Letter. Nathaniel Hawthorne took a path with the character Hester Prynne that took many by surprise. Hester Prynne from the acclaimed novel, The Scarlet Letter, is one of American Literature’s first and influential feminist characters that shows superiority while being fearless and having an influence on modern literature and culture. In the novel, The Scarlet Letter, Hester Prynne is accused of adulteryRead MoreFeminism In The Scarlet Letter Essay1313 Words   |  6 Pagesinterests† (Merriam-Webster). The way feminism is related into literature is similar to that of society. Feminist literature discusses how a female character or some part of the fictional world is being hurt or deprived of a certain right that women deserve. In such a way, readers and authors alike are able to dispute whether classic literary reads are feminist literature, such as The Scarlet Letter. Author Nathaniel Hawthorne’s writing did not portray a new right being made for women in society dueRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne1641 Words   |  7 PagesThe Scarlet Letter is a story about a woman, Hester Prynne, who painfully lived her life in shame because of the adultery she committed in a1840s American colony. The way she and the other characters conducted themselves after the reveal of Hester’s baby all show a deeper meaning into what kind of person each character was, which can be interpreted in many ways. The story was written by a man named Nathaniel Hawthorne, only about a decade after his story took place, which meant that society in hisRead MoreHester Prynnes Development Of Women In The Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne1204 Words   |  5 PagesNathaniel Hawthorne’s,The Scarlet Letter, conveys Hester Prynne’s struggles against the oppressive Puritan society of the 1630s, which leads to the illumination of her progressive feminist views. Hester’s sin of adultery leaves her shunned from her pious New England community, but the extreme consequences that she encounters highlight the notion that she recognizes women as possessing equal capabilities and strengths as men. Hester evinces feminism throughout Hawthorne’s novel, without ever truly mentioningRead MoreFeminism in Hawthornes The Scarlet Letter Essay551 Words   |  3 PagesWritten in 1 850, The Scarlet Letter stood as a very progressive book. With new ideas about women, main characters’ stories intertwined, and many different themes, The Scarlet Letter remains today as a extremely popular novel about 17th century Boston, Massachusetts. Not only was the 19th century a time for the abolition of slavery movement but it was also the beginning of the first wave of feminism. Women such as Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Susan B. Anthony, and Lucretia Mott catalyzed the women’s

Kirstie Williams. Benson. English 271 Distance Education.

Kirstie Williams Benson English 271 Distance Education 5 March 2017 Outline THESIS: In this essay, we will analyze Utopia’s role in the common laws, the religious freedoms, and dystopia/utopia similarities throughout More’s literature. I. Introduction A. Imagine you are a sailor, sailing the vast emptiness of the ocean. B. To your dismay, the storm thrashes waves against your boat. C. You find yourself on the island of Thomas More’s Utopia D. Some facts about Thomas More II. Common Law / Commonplace / Customs A. The commons in Thomas More’s Utopia are drastically different from the society in which he lived. B. Thus, More spent most of his lifetime scrutinizing and paying considerable amounts of attention to the England’s common place†¦show more content†¦This island is Thomas More’s ideal fictional society, Utopia. Thomas More was not the first person to write about a Utopian society, but he did coin the term utopia which means â€Å"not place† in Greek. Utopia was written in Latin and published in 1516. It is said to be Thomas More’s most influential work. More’s utopian society had complete employment, the citizens are not fixated on money, and are tolerant towards others in the community (Forward). In this essay, we will analyze Utopia’s role in the common laws, the religious freedoms, and dystopia/utopia similarities throughout More’s literature. Thomas more claims that the commons (a shared system or political space whose authority is constituted by its actual commonality) in his imagined society is fundamentally diverse fro m the society in which he lived and the tradition in which he wrote. More copes with the established notions of commonality in his book Utopia. Common law was on the rise and was England’s dominant legal form during the 1500s. Thus, More spent most of his lifetime scrutinizing and paying considerable amounts of attention to England’s common law. The Utopian system of housing and city planning, method of senatorial deliberation, mode of dress, manner of dining, travel practices, pre-marital courtships, garden growing, and chicken hatching are all described as â€Å"customs†. Evoking the peculiarity of the English legal system

Buddhism And Its Impact On Buddhism - 1381 Words

On one hand, Buddhism was founded in northeastern India from the teachings and doctrines taught in the VI and V centuries BC by Siddhartha Gautama, better known as Buddha or the Enlightened One. Although originally emerged as a monastic movement within the dominant Brahmin tradition at that time, Buddhism developed quickly in another direction and acquired characteristics. Buddha not only rejected some important aspects of the philosophy of Hinduism, but also challenged the authority of their leaders, did not accept the validity of Vedic scriptures and argued against the sacrificial cult based on these texts. Moreover, Buddha opened his movement to people of all castes, openly rejecting the idea that the spiritual affairs of the people were determined by the social class into which they are born. Buddhism is one of the major world religions in terms of adherents, geographical distribution, and social and cultural influence. Its founder, Siddhartha Gautama believed in karma (cause and effect ethics), Maya (the illusory nature of the world), and Samsara (the cycle of reincarnation) among other things. Buddhists believe that the ultimate goal in life is to achieve enlightenment as they perceive their existence. So Buddhism seeks liberation from suffering, the goal is Nirvana. Once reached, suffering ceases to affect the practitioner. It is important to understand that Nirvana is not heaven, or that the Buddha as Arahant or referred to those who have reached full peace areShow MoreRelatedBuddhism And Its Impact On Buddhism Essay1966 Words   |  8 PagesBuddhism. In todays society the only thing most people know about Buddhism as a religion is the big and round Buddha who that is always showing his belly. They think Buddhism is all about just being relaxed and â€Å"chilling out.† Buddhism is something much more than just relaxing though, at its basis it is a religion that encompasses a variety of beliefs, traditions, and spiritual practices that are attributed to the Buddha. â€Å"Buddhism is a way to salvation which is open to all and depends for its attainmentRead MoreBuddhism And Its Impact On The World Essay2122 Words   |  9 PagesBuddhism, currently the fourth largest relig ion in the world, started very small then spread to different places, different cultures, overtime, as illustrated in a documentary about the start of Buddhism. The high popularity for this religion is attributed in part upon belief and spirituality as opposed to worshiping a god (or gods). Although it began in India, c. 500 BCE, it needed a medium to travel all over the World. The Silk Road provided the Medium that Buddhism needed to spread to China. BuddhismRead MoreBuddhism And Its Impact On Society Essay1263 Words   |  6 Pagesdivided by key things; oceans and mountains, culture and society, but most important religions and beliefs. Out of the hundreds of practices and beliefs that make part of planet earth one of the most interesting form of religious practice is Buddhism. Buddhism is the practice of finding peace within ones self by developing inner peace, wisdom and kindness. This practice dates back 2,500 years, and the founder is known as Buddha Shakyamuni. He was born a royal prince in a town called Lumbini; originallyRead MoreBuddhism in Ancient Korea: The Impact1586 Words   |  6 PagesShamanism, Daoism, and Confucianism, and Buddhism. Buddhism is the religion that changed the society of Korea the most in the ancient times. As Buddhism spread in Korea, great inventions were made, the power hold of Korea started leaning the religion, and the social beliefs changed. These changes had positive results in Korea, and helped Korea to become a proud country. Just like many other religions, it has have effect and it still has effect on many cultures. Buddhism is the religion that affected ancientRead MoreBuddhism And Its Impact On Western Asia1804 Words   |  8 PagesBuddhism is one of the largest religions in the world with an estimated 500 millio n adherents located in all corners of the globe. Although Buddhism is practiced all around the world, the majority of Buddhists are centered in the Eastern, Southern and Central parts of Asia. It was founded in India in approximately 525 B.C. by Siddhartha Gautama. Although it was founded and first gained a foothold in India, Buddhism today is usually more associated with East Asian countries such as Korea and JapanRead MoreBuddhism And Its Impact On The World882 Words   |  4 PagesBuddhism is a well-known religion that has taken the world by storm. With 300,000,000 believers worldwide. According to the 2006 census 2.6% of Australians are Buddhist. It originated in an area of Nepal that was originally part of Northern India. Although there are 300 million Buddhists worldwide, they all share the same core beliefs. Instead of an afterlife, Buddhists believe in Reincarnation, the cycle of birth, death, and being reborn again as either a plant, animal, or human. Buddhism wasRead MoreBuddhism And Its Impact On The World1604 Words   |  7 Pages Founded in the 6th Century BCE by Siddhartha Gautama, Buddhism has over time developed into one of the most prominent religions in the world with approximately 500 million adherents, making it the fourth largest religion on earth. The religions beginnings however, did not see much movement of Buddhism past Northern India until the reign of King Asoka, third monarch of the Mauryan Dynasty. Asoka catalysed the spread of Buddhism from India to Afghanistan and even Southeast Asia, West Persia and SriRead MoreBuddhism And Its Impact On Society1982 Words   |  8 PagesBuddhism was founded in India by Buddha Shakyamuni thousands of years ago. He based centered his religion on peace and loving kindness. He established positive and negative states of mind. He created paths to find happiness and everlasting peace. There are many different form of expressing Buddhism that have evolved over the years, all of which originated from the teachings of Buddha. Buddhism practices positive thinking, emphasizes meditation, lays the path to find happiness, and does not believeRead MoreBuddhism And Its Impact On The World And The People Around It910 Words   |  4 Pageswill be a large impact on the world and the people around it. Polytheistic religions, at least in my opinion, make one of the greatest impacts. The reason they have such an influence on the people is because they put gods into everything, if you believe a divine deity is in something like a chair you are going to respect the chair much more than if it was just a chair. You will sit in it, treat, and enjoy it much differently than thinking of it merely as a means to comfort you. Buddhism is one of theRead MoreThe Impact Of Buddhism On Women And Our Advancement1644 Words   |  7 Pagesoblivious to how significant of an impact Buddhism has had on women and our advancement as a gender, specifically in religion. Upon further exploration of women in the Buddhism religion, it was quite obvious that the religion is prac ticed very differently from society to society, but at the end of it all, there is no denying the implication Buddhism has had on females and our spiritual roles. By contrast to bigoted practices that impede spiritual development, Buddhism can be claimed to be the least discriminatory

Nurse Role, Management of Obesity Free Essays

The role of nurses in the management of Obesity The case study provided regarding diet and weight management has led me to explore the role of a nurse specifically during the management of obesity. The investigation aims to determine how a nurse can intervene and control obesity. The research generally looks at the role of the nurse in managing a patient that is clinically classed as obese. We will write a custom essay sample on Nurse Role, Management of Obesity or any similar topic only for you Order Now Obesity is calculated using BMI measurements (appendix 1). Limitations to this investigation from a personal perspective are that I haven’t yet practised as a nurse so I can’t use reflection on my own practise as a learning tool. Taking this into consideration I have sourced my information with the use of secondary research methods, thus meaning the summary and synthesis of existing research already available to me via published articles, books and other relevant resources. As you will see as you read on the value of knowledge and evidence to professional practise is critical. The main reason why you need to base your professional practice on the best available evidence is explained by Aveyard and Sharp (2009, p6), â€Å"†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ t enables us to deliver the best possible patient/client care rather than out of date practice’’. Aveyard and Sharp (2009, p7) goes on to say that â€Å"evidence based practice is practice that is supported by clear reasoning, taking into account the patient or clients preferences using your own judgement†. This description is backed up by Sackett et al (1996, p71-72) who described EBP as, â€Å"the conscientious, explicit and judicious use of current bes t evidence in making decisions about the care of individual patient/clients†. Gray (1997,p9) emphasized a focus on patient values describing EBP as , â€Å"an approach to decision making in which the clinician uses the best evidence available in consultation with the patient, to decide upon the option which suits the patient best. The NMC code of Conduct (2008) foregrounds the importance of evidence based practice in professional development and requires that all nurses should be accomplished in practicing evidence based care. After reading various journal articles and books on EBP I have discovered that it is about integrating individual clinical expertise, for example your own proficiency and expertise, along with the best external evidence and also taking in mind the best interests for the patient. It is of high importance to use current best evidence, according to Greenhalgh and Donald (2000) without current best evidence, â€Å"practise risks becoming rapidly out of date, to the detriment of the patients†. Ultimately EBP is the formalization of the care process that the best clinicians have practiced for generations. The contribution of EBP to clinical practice is the delivery of high quality, cost effective and quality care (Aveyard and Sharp, 2009). Challenges surrounding EBP are a nurses experience, for example new nurses may be a little anxious of their new surroundings and unable to utilize all their newly learnt skills. According to Ferguson and Day (2007), â€Å"access to evidence in nursing practice is often challenging due to time constraints, difficulties in interpreting the disparate research reports on particular issues, or lack of up-to-date print-based resources or Internet connections on nursing units†. The main tool applied during my research process was Library Gateway which can be accessed via Shu space. Library Gateway enables you to access a large number of information resources and search tools. The main resource I used is Library Search, which can find results from books, full text journals and many other sources, and return them in one integrated list. The other Gateway tools include Subject Guides, help pages for referencing, the Video, Images and Audio guide and a list of subject databases. Textbooks provide good background information and offer an excellent starting point for more in-depth research, the information provided is not normally rapidly changing and it must be remembered that it may be out of date. Journal articles contain current information and research. They provide detailed reports of the methodology and results of laboratory research, case series reports, clinical trials, program evaluation, and other kinds of research studies. Journal articles focus on finding solutions to specific health care problems. The Internet is not always the best place to look for professional-level information. While it can be easily searched and you get a lot of what you find in full-text, the quality of the health care information found can be questionable. It is important to look at trusted authorities online, however the internet can be useful for looking into a patient’s perspective, for example a patient may explain their worries and experiences in an online chat forum which is always an interesting insight. The tables that follow details the databases used and the search criteria applied. Each database offers a different value of evidence. It is important to consider the following factors when looking t text documents regardless whether it a book, journal, article or online†¦.. Who wrote it, why it was written and when it was produced (SHU 2012). Once you have found a source that is deemed suitable it is then important to consider if the study was original, was the design of the study sensible, has systematic bias been avoided or minimised, was assessment ‘blindâ₠¬â„¢, were preliminary statistical questions addressed (Greenhalgh, 2010). After summing up these points the methodological quality will have been accurately assessed and providing no flaws or faults are found it can be deemed accurate and reliable information. Table 1. Databases used; Database| Details| SHU Library Search| SHU Library Search searches for academic journal and newspaper articles, books,videos, maps and much more from a single search bar. It searches the SHU library catalogue, full text journals and other linked databases. It is limited to content subscribed to by SHU. | Internurse| Internurse is the online archive of peer reviewed nursing articles published by MA healthcare Ltd. It draws together articles from 13 high quality journals. | Table 2. Search Strategy; Database| Keywords| Rationale| Criteria| No. of results| Search terms used in Library Search and Internurse| Nurs* AND manag* AND obes*| The word nurse/nurses/nursing and manage/managing/management and obese/obesity| 2008 to 2012English languageNo country specified. Type of publication: Peer reviewed journals and books | 32| You can search as far back as 2004 using Inter-nurse. For the chosen subject area I decided to concentrate my research more specifically on more recent research as I found I was bombarded with information when I looked as far back as 2004. This has allowed me to look at more recent publications which I feel is highly important in a profession where health care routines are often being changed and improved. Once I had narrowed down the search I was able to pick journals, articles and books which I felt where most appropriate by reading the abstract to get a more in depth overview of what would be best for my topic. Obesity can lead to the onset of several complications, which with the intervention of nurses could be prevented, these complications are highlighted in appendix 2. Maggi Banning (2005) states that there is an ever increasing need for the evolvement of a nursing role as an obesity nurse specialist. She claims the nursing profession needs to step up and prepare for obesity management. The National Obesity Forum provides an ‘Obesity Care Pathway Toolkit’. It strengthens the need for the use of EBP by claiming weight management should ‘†¦. be based on best evidence, where ever possible’. It also states the following, â€Å"It is essential that services be developed in consultation with the users and people who will be delivering them, working together as a multi-disciplinary group. Training on weight management control, healthy eating and increasing physical activity to health professionals is necessary to ensure consistent, accurate and up to date messages are given to patients at all times. Currently, very few NHS weight management services are monitored or audited, this will be a must in the future and needs to be built in at the planning stage. The feedback will result in improved services to patients. † Changes in eating habits and activity levels are thought to lie at the heart of obesity (Wadden et al, 2002). As a nurse will get to see their patients everyday it is the ideal opportunity for them to advise patients on healthy eating and provide encouragement for increased levels of activity. Drummond (2002) identified that communication between the nurse and patient is important as some patients may be self conscious or body-conscious. For example certain terms should be avoided such as ‘sport’ or ‘exercise’ which may have negative associations for patients, a higher level of activity and ‘avoiding sedentary pursuits should be emphasised’. Body weight is considered a sensitive issue for most people so it is vital that healthcare professionals handle the subject of weight loss with sensitivity. Crogan (2006) emphasized that it is important that nurses establish an open approach to communication when addressing issues relating to obesity. I feel a multi-component intervention would be the best way for nurses to manage obesity. It should include behaviour change strategies to increase peoples physical activity levels or to decrease inactivity levels, improve eating behaviour and the quality of the persons diet and aim to reduce energy intake. According to (Sheehan and Yin, 2006) nurses constitute a political force in health policy, because they are situated in a wide range of settings. This is backed up by Bennett 2007 who states, ‘Nurses in the primary care setting are uniquely placed to support patients to make the necessary changes’. Nurses need to have an understanding of the patients multiple needs and to collaborate with other members of the health team to discuss personalized holistic care issues. Chrystalleni and Christiana (2010) have recognised that â€Å"the aetiology of obesity is multi-factorial, and dietary factors that relate or are responsible for the development of obesity are complex and still not understood†. As they define development of obesity to not be understood I feel this is a large limitation and therefore requires constant comparison of current techniques used in managing obesity along with any current evidence that has arisen through trustworthy practice research. In conclusion, the role of a nurse in managing an obese patient should involve discussing the weight issues and the severity on the patient’s health. As supported by Green et al (2000) this will enable the nurse to gain insight into the magnitude of the problem and to negotiate realistic goals in terms of weight loss and to support and provide dietary advice which is acceptable for the individual. Nurses should consider each patient holistically and use appropriate language in order to encourage and not offend. As encouraged by the national obesity forum patient selection should be active rather than passive, with opportunistic screening rather than reliance exclusively on self-referral. The nurse should discuss ways in which a negative energy balance is achievable. References AVEYARD, Helen and SHARP, Pam (2009). A beginners guide to evidence based practice in health and social care,. Open University Press, McGraw-Hill. BENNET D (2007). Nurses at the cutting edge of obesity. Practise Nursing. 18,9,454-458. CHRYSTALLENI, Lazarou, CHRISTIANA, Kouta (2010). The role of nurses in the prevention and management of obesity. [online]. 19 (10) 641-647. Journal from British Journal of Nursing last accessed 12th November 2012 at http://www. internurse. om CROGAN E (2006). A bio-behavioural approach to obesity. Practise nursing. 17, 9, 439-442. DRUMMOND S (2002). The management of obesity. Nursing Standard. 16(48), 47-52. GRAY J. A. M (1977). Evidence-based Healthcare. Churchill Livingstone, Newyork, USA. GREENHALGH, T DONALD,A (2000). Evidence based health care work book: Understanding research for individual and group learning. London, BMJ Books. Last accessed 16th November 2012. GREENHALGH, Trisha (2010). How to read a paper: the basics of evidence based medicine. [online]. London, BMJ Books. Book from Library Gateway last accessed 12thNovember 2012 at: http://library. shu. ac. uk FERGUSON, Linda RENE, Day (2007)Challenges for new nurses in evidence-based practice. [online]. Journal of Nursing Management. 15(1), 107-113. Last accessed 15th November at: http://onlinelibrary. wiley. com. lcproxy. shu. ac. uk/doi/10. 1111/j. 1365-2934. 2006. 00638. x/full JOLLEY, Jeremy (2010). Introduction to evidence based practice for nurses. Harlow. Pearson Education. MAGGI, Banning. The management of obesity: the role of the specialist nurse. online]. 14 [3]140. Journal from British Journal of Nursing last accessed 12th November 2012 at http://www. internurse. com Nursing Midwifery Council (2008). The code: standards of conduct, performance and ethics for nurses and midwives. Nursing Midwifery Council. London. SACKETT, D. L. , et al. (1996). Evidence based medicine: what it is and what it isn’t. British Medical Journal, 312[7023],71-72. Sheffield Hallam University (2012). Eval uation: Why evaluate. [online] Last accessed November 2012 at http://infoskills. shu. ac. k/skills/evaluation. html SHEEHAN NC, YIN L (2006). Childhood obesity: nursing policy implications. J Pediatr Nurs 21(4): 308-10, Last accessed November 2012 at http://www. who. int World Health Organisation (2005). Obesity and Overweight: Factsheet. [online] Last accessed 12th November 2012 at http://www. who. int/en Appendix 1. (WHO 1995) BMI (kg/m2) Category of Obesity 18. 5–24. 9 Normal weight 25. 0–29. 9 Grade I obesity 30. 0–39. 9 Grade II obesity ;40. 0 Grade III obesity How to cite Nurse Role, Management of Obesity, Essay examples

Cognitive and Social Psychology for Community- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theCognitive and Social Psychology for Community. Answer: Introduction Cognitive development is said to be the field of study in human psychology which is related to the development of a child in terms of information processing, development of brain, perception of skills and its development and learning their first language. These developments in children take place according to the type of society in which they grow at young age. There are some sociological factors which determine the development of a childs brain towards cognitive factors and develop a psychology among them. In the following discussion cognitive development in a social context is illustrated with the theories of cognitive development. Other theories related to the memory and its applications, theory of psychology, individual interaction with society and community, influence of group on an individual behavior and theories of social relationships and discussed briefly. All these theories of psychology holistically establish the cognitive psychology. Cognitive Development in a Social Context Development of cognitive behavior and content in a human being comes from the creation of environmental practices which a child experiences and observes their parents and other partners do around them. These developmental practices are dependent on the type of environment created around a child by the adults (Berntsen 2017). The information processed by a child is in the same way its parents would have perceived it when they were children and their parents before them since the genesis of the species. The social concepts which a child understands and learns is from the behavior and practices which are followed by the adults around them. It completely depends on the type of society in which the child is living which will determine its cognitive development. For example a child learns the same language which is spoken by his parents in his home (Bremner 2017). The cognitive development of a childs brain happens mainly from its surroundings. The brain acts in the same way as it is train ed to act by the environment in which the child lives. Theories of Cognitive Development There are generally four theories of Cognitive Development which are considered standard in the context of cognitive psychology. The first one is Piagets Theory, the second one is Sociocultural Theory, third one is Core-Knowledge Theory and the fourth one is Information-processing Theory. The most relevant and important among all these theories is Piagets Theory which states that child is a scientist and they construct their own knowledge through experimenting (Banks 2012). It states that children learn on their own without interference of any adults. It I established that children are intrinsically motivated to learn and they do not need any motivation and rewards from adults for their learning. According to Piagent there are four stages of cognitive development which are qualitative change in which children of different ages think differently, broad applicability in which knowledge acquired by children increases its scope and outlook, brief transitions which states that transition to higher levels of thinking may not be continuous and the last one is invariant thinking in which all the stages of thinking are equal (Forde 2009). Theories of Memory and Their Application to Practice There are many theories of memory which state that how a person remembers anything. An important theory of memory is Multi-Store Model in which there are 3 states of memory: sensory, short-term and long term. Another theory is Levels of Processing, according to which the quality of memory depends upon the level of processing information. There are two types of processing, shallow processing and deep or semantic processing. Third model of memory is Working Memory Model (Kingsley 2017). This theory is based on how the information is filtered and is available when the memory is recalled according to the need. Another theory of memory is Millers Magic Number which relates to the short-term memory. A person has a capacity of retaining things for some time after that he forgets it when not revised. It is called the theory of Memory Decay. It is about measuring the longevity of a memory that how long it will last if not revised and in what time it will be completely forgotten (Seebohm et al . 2012). Theories of Social Psychology and Their Application to Practice There are quite a number of social psychology theories which are applied in different circumstances. Attribution theory is one in which people explain the characteristics of others. It is divided into two parts, the first one is situational attribute which is derived from external factors and other one is dispositional which is concerned with internal factors. Theory of cognitive dissonance relates to the concept of the self and its importance. If some other person contradicts the belief of a self then the person concerned feels uncomfortable about the situation (Spiegel and Parent 2017). Drive Theory is concerned with the presence of an audience which makes a person conscious and develops a sense of arousal. Elaboration likelihood Theory illustrates that if a memory is created out of persuasion then it exists due to the likelihood of cognitive elaborations. Self-verification theory states that a person has a desire to be understood and known by its peers. Social-comparison theory st ates that a person knows about himself by comparing his nature to other people around him (Seebohm et al. 2012). Individual Interaction with Society and Community Individual is the most basic unit of a society. It is the cumulative effect of the individuals psychology which shapes the nature and kind of a community. If people do not interact with each other, there will be no community. An individual learns to interact and develop cognitive psychology through the community in which his lives. The interaction on individual in a society is determined by the right and wrong practices which a community is in consensus with (Kingsley 2017). Each society is governed by its own values and rules which is learnt by the individual. There are certain types of interactions which may be a glance, a handshake, a conversation or waving of a hand. The theory of interaction of an individual with a society can be categorized in three phases which are functionalist, inter-actionist and culture and personality. There are some basic etiquettes of interaction which an individual has to learn from the society to hold a substantial position in their respective communi ty (Van Stekelenburg and Klandermans 2017). Influence of the Group on Individual Behavior Groups are made by the individuals, and they are governed by their own set of morns which are formed by the set of values of the respective individuals of the group. Norms of the group changes as the group and the individual grows in it. The values and methods of interaction determine the collective behavior of the group. Whereas, the changes in ways of interaction have direct impact on an individual. There are certain norms such as performance norms which determine the rules with which a person should do their work in a group (Seebohm et al. 2012). Appearance norms, which determines the looks and physical appearance of an individual. Social Arrangement norms, which are concerned about the social etiquettes of a person. Resource allocation norms guide a person in the business environment. All these norms of a group influence the behavior of an individual which is a reflection of the collective behavior of a group on an individual (Smith and Haslam 2017). Theories of Social Relationships and Its Application in Social/Community Settings Man is a social animal and to survive and develop himself in his life he needs to make social relationships with people around him. These social relationships become the major part of an individuals life as one gets engrossed in them and lead their entire life complying with the needs of these relationships. The most basic social relationship which a person develops is family. In this relationship a person develops an emotional and physical bond which leads to their development on an individual aspect and development of the entire society on a collective basis(Banks 2012). There are four theories of social relationship which are Communal Sharing in which people share same thoughts and feelings unconditionally between themselves. Authority ranking which shares a relationship of subordination. Equality Matching, a theory in which people tend to establish balance in the society. Market pricing theory which measure the socially meaningful and beneficial relationships accordingly (Forde 2 009). Conclusion From the above discussion about the cognitive and social psychology it can be concluded that a development of a childs psychology is determined by the environment in which he lives at young age. There are a number of factors which determines the cognitive development of a childs brain and shapes it to comply with the rules and regulations, values and etiquettes followed in their respective societies. The above discussion comprise of social theories which are related to an individuals significance in the society. Memory theories are also discussed which determines the longevity of a persons memory and its capacity to learn and remember things according to the situation. It can be concluded that there is a great impact of the society and environment in which a person lives and grows as it solely determines the nature and character of a person. As it has been said that a man is known for the company he keeps. References Banks, S. ., 2012 Ethics and Values in Social Work. (4th Ed.) Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. Berntsen, D., 2017. Flashbulb memories and social identity1.Flashbulb Memories: New Challenges and Future Perspectives. Bremner, J.G., 2017.An introduction to developmental psychology. John Wiley Sons. Cantor, N. and Kihlstrom, J.F. eds., 2017.Personality, cognition and social interaction(Vol. 5). Routledge. Childrens Rights Alliance, 2013.What Are Childrens Rights? Available: https://www.childrensrights.ie/childrens-rights-ireland/childrens-rights-ireland [accessed 01 September, 2013]. Forde, C. ., 2009 The Politics of Community Development: Relationship with the State. In: Forde, C., Kiely, E. and Meade, R., eds. Youth and Community in Ireland: Critical Perspectives, Dublin: Gill and Macmillan, pp. 49-68 Kingsley, D., 2017. Credit where credit is due. Seebohm, P., Gilchrist, A. and Morris, D. ., 2012 Bold but Balanced: How Community Development Contributes to Mental Health and Inclusion. Spiegel, J.B. and Parent, S.N., 2017. Re-approaching community development through the arts: a critical mixed methods study of social circus in Quebec.Community Development Journal, pp.1-18. Van Stekelenburg, J. and Klandermans, B., 2017. Individuals in movements: A social psychology of contention. InHandbook of social movements across disciplines(pp. 103-139). Springer, Cham

Competition and Strategy in Higher Education †MyAssignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about the Competition and Strategy in Higher Education. Answer: Introduction It can be analyzed that development tools play a great role in conducting the activities in the right direction. It is seen that in this essay the focus will be given more on the development tools like SWOT, Porter five forces and Pestle analysis. These tools help to maintain proper balance in the overall activities of the company. SWOT analysis is one of the development tools that provide information related to the internal environment of the organizations. In this tool, there are four sections that represent the concept of strength, weakness, opportunities, and threats. It is the important concept as it helps to give actual position which the company has in the market. It is seen that the focus is given by the managers of the organization and rectification are done so that competitive advantage can be achieved (Bell and Rochford, 2016). This framework represents the strength of the company which has a connection with various factors of the marketing mix and it is also related to the market share of the company. The strength of the company represents the brand image and the overall goodwill possessed by the company. Next section is related to the weakness in which it has a link with the insufficient resources available with the company. Also in many companies, there is weak distribution channel which comes under the section of weakness (Huggins and Izushi, 2015). The threat of the company is related to the number of competitors of the company in the market. The last section represents opportunities that have a connection with the new product development and also the chance available to the customers to achieve large market share (Hill, Jones, and Schilling, 2014). Practical Example is related to Ford in which it can be analyzed that the company has a large market share and a good image. It is seen that goodwill of the company is one of the major strength that helps to achieve success in the competitive environment. The weakness is related to the high-cost structure and also low exposure in the Asian market. It is analyzed that due to this weakness negative impact is seen on the growth of the company (Santos and Laczniak, 2015). Opportunities of the company are related with the strategic partnership and also the company has new emission standards. Next aspect is related to a threat which the company faces in the competitive market. Ford has to face m major threat due to the fluctuation that takes place in the exchange rate and also the threat is from the competitors like Toyota and BMW who offer same products to the customers. Top management or the managers analyze all the aspects so that growth can be achieved in an effective manner (Sminia, 2017). Porter Five Forces Framework By focusing on this development tool it is analyzed that if the company consider this model then it can be possible to evaluate the competitive environment of the company. In this framework, there are five aspects of competitive rivalry which is related with the strength possessed by the competitors and also the prices of the competitors are evaluated. Power of supplier is also one of the factors which are related to the overall suppliers or number of suppliers in the market. If there are large numbers of suppliers then power is reduced (Pucciarelli and Kaplan, 2016). Power of buyer is also considered as a factor in which proper evaluation is made of the buyers who are availing the services of the company. The threat of substitute is one of the aspects in which proper analysis is made of the substitute that is seen in the market and it gives impact on the overall prices of the company. The threat of new entry is one of the factors in which analyze is made by focusing on the new entry of the business in the market. It is analyzed that it has a link with the overall high cost and also concerned with the entry in the market of the new business. It is seen that in there are many new businesses who are entering the market due to this the new entrants is high in the market. The substitution of products is also high as there are many competitors who are present in the market like Cadbury from which the customers can easily substitute the products. It is seen that power of buyer is high in this company as there are many buyers who purchase the products and if the focus is given on the supplier then it can be analyzed that it is also high as there are many suppliers who offer products to the customers in the market. If rivalry level is analyzed then it is seen that it is high as the competition level is high in the market (Porter and Heppelmann, 2014) PESTLE Analysis framework This framework focuses on the external environment analysis of a company which takes into consideration six aspects like political, economic, social, legal, environmental, legal and technological. In this framework, the entire external environment is considered in which the activities of the company are conducted. It is seen that there are many aspects of the analysis which help to analyze the environment of the industry. In this framework, there are six aspects like It is related to the government rules and regulations that influence the activities of the company. It can be evaluated that it gives direct impact on the policies which are given by the government and it considers tariff policies and fiscal policies which impact the activities of the company. It is seen that these factors give impact on the activities of the company (Grant, 2016). It is seen that it affect the overall performance of the company in a specific country. It also takes into consideration the rate of inflation that gives impact on the prices of the services and products. Revenue is also one of the factors which get affected and also impact is seen on the purchasing decision of the customers (Moutinho and Phillips, 2018). It is also related to the technologies which are latest and helps the company to enhance innovation. The activities are conducted smoothly of the company considers latest technologies to conduct the activities (Van Alstyne, Parker, and Choudary, 2016). It considers the external and internal factor of the company and also many laws are there which is important to be considered by the company. It has a connection with the environment of the surroundings in which the company conducts the activities. This is an important aspect which impacts the overall activities of the company.Apple is one of the practical examples and it is seen that the policies of the government give effect on the overall cost with is concerned with the labor and manufacturing. Also, the effect is seen on which impact the power of the buyers of the customers who are from different countries. The technological factor is also one of the aspects which show that products which are offered can be innovative. Also, it is the formation of the apple company is affected by the rules and policies which are imposed. Environmental issues are related to the used products which should be disposed of so that activities can be conducted smoothly. References Bell, G.G. and Rochford, L., 2016. Rediscovering SWOTs integrative nature: A new understanding of an old framework.The International Journal of Management Education,14(3), pp.310-326. Grant, R.M., 2016.Contemporary strategy analysis: Text and cases edition. John Wiley Sons. Hill, C.W., Jones, G.R. and Schilling, M.A., 2014.Strategic management: theory: an integrated approach. Cengage Learning. Huggins, R. and Izushi, H., 2015. The Competitive Advantage of Nations: origins and journey.Competitiveness Review,25(5), pp.458-470. Moutinho, L. and Phillips, P., 2018. Strategic analysis. InContemporary Issues in Strategic Management(pp. 46-79). Routledge. Porter, M.E. and Heppelmann, J.E., 2014. How smart, connected products are transforming competition.Harvard Business Review,92(11), pp.64-88. Pucciarelli, F. and Kaplan, A., 2016. Competition and strategy in higher education: Managing complexity and uncertainty.Business Horizons,59(3), pp.311-320. Santos, N. and Laczniak, G., 2015. Marketing to the poor: A SWOT analysis of the Market Construction Model for engaging impoverished market segments.Social Business,5(2). Sminia, H., 2017. The industrial organization approach. InThe Strategic Manager(pp. 51-70). Routledge. Van Alstyne, M.W., Parker, G.G. and Choudary, S.P., 2016. Pipelines, platforms, and the new rules of strategy.Harvard Business Review,94(4), pp.54-62.